Virtual Memory Research Paper Essay Example

Virtual Memory Research Paper Essay Virtual memory is a computer science term for an advanced form of memory that is used by most operating systems today. Instead of assigning to a program an exclusive part of the working memory that is available, each program can get a virtual equivalent of a full-fledged computer. The operating system is then hidden under this virtual memory space and handles all the real memory resources so that all running programs get what they need, but not more. This allows avoid wastage and memory can be exploited. Memory that is not used at any given time can be stored on another medium, usually secondary storage such as hard drives, until needed. Due to the fact that a hard drive usually has much greater storage capacity than the main memory of a computer, all programs can have a lot more virtual memory than the RAM available in your computer. For example, a program does not need memory C to work from A to B. C can then be stored until the work of C begins. Once the work from B to C started and A is no longer needed it then can be stored. A program that is sleeping or waiting for data from the keyboard or the network does not need any resources until the data comes, the operating system can then store the whole program and then bring it to life again when the data arrived. We will write a custom essay sample on Virtual Memory Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Virtual Memory Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Virtual Memory Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In severe cases, this can cause a phenomenon called thrashing when multiple programs at the same time want to have access to more data than it is really can manage. The data must then be constantly moved to and from the hard drive so that it can be processed in working memory just when they are needed. Since today’s primary flash drives are much faster than hard disks, whose thrashing is perceived as a very painful loss of performance. This phenomenon occurs easily on older computers without enough RAM or when too many programs are running simultaneously. Since a hard drive is a relatively slow medium, paging to disk works never as good as really needed. However, hard drives are mighty cheap in comparison with working memory and a computer may well adapt the use of the hard drive for storing data for the user to label as little as possible in the process. Virtual memory is different and also protects applications from each other. Only the operating system knows about all the different programs that are running, the individual program held under the illusion that it is working completely alone on the computer. Memory protection is not something the user noticing, all he sees is a well-functioning program. Use free sample research paper on virtual memory to write a successful research proposal on the topic. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research paper on Virtual Memory topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all research paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

Top 5 Worst Sources to Find Professional Writers for Hire

Top 5 Worst Sources to Find Professional Writers for Hire Top 5 Worst Sources to Find Professional Writers for Hire When it comes to dealing with academic papers, students often search for professional writers for hire to help them cope with their assignments. The first thing that they pay attention to is the price, and it becomes their biggest problem. While it is possible to find a good writer for a low cost, you have to search for them thoroughly. There are many questionable sources that would be happy to take your money and give you a plagiarized paper (or nothing!) in return. Watch out for the following 5 worst sources to find professional writers for hire. 1. Social Networks Don’t look for writers on social networks. Writers promoting themselves on social media are less likely to be reliable. While you may be able to read â€Å"reviews,† these can easily be fabricated by friends of the self-proclaimed writer or by fake social media accounts that the writer has created him/herself. It is quite tempting to hire an ‘experienced’ writer while you’re browsing Facebook, but the moments you save will pale in comparison to the headache of getting back a poor quality paper. 2. Forums Don’t hire a writer from an unreliable forum. If you can’t read reviews about writers’ previous works, if they demand full payment in advance, or if they refuse to provide you with a formal contract, then you risk to throw away your money for nothing. Instead, look on platforms that provide you with a resume for each writer, reviews from their past clients, and a guarantee that you’ll be satisfied with their work before you pay them. 3. Friends of the Friends Don’t hire a writer who’s been recommended by a friend (or worse, by a friend of a friend). Every person is happy to speak well of their friends, but they may not be really good at the kind of writing you are looking for. This creates a doubly awkward situation. First, you will feel bitterly toward the friend who gave you a poor recommendation, and then, you will have a poor quality paper that you spent good money on, but can’t turn in. It is uncomfortable for everyone involved. 4. Suspicious Websites Don’t hire a writer from a reputable platform who’s sent you a generic application. If you’ve found a reputable website to hire a writer, but then they have sent you an impersonal application, they may not be as well suited to write your paper as you might hope. What you want to see is a personal note that indicates that they understand the requirements of your paper and have experience with writing such type of paper in the past. If you get a generic application from an otherwise promising profile, considering sending them a follow-up message to get samples of their work. 5. Job Board Don’t hire a writer from Craigslist or another local job board. Professional writers have their own website, or at the very least, their own profile on a reputable marketplace for clients to match with writers. If a writer is posting on Craigslist, they may be desperate for money as well as too happy to make false claims about their abilities. It’s a great place to get a used bike or kitchen table, but the worst place to find a trusted ally in getting your writing assignments completed. Be aware of all the traps that you can get into. Do not allow the self-proclaimed writers spoil your grades as well as your reputation. Seek for reliable sources to hire truly professional writers for your pieces.

Entrepreneurship Research Assignment Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Entrepreneurship Assignment - Research Proposal Example The primary idea would be to spread the idea to all the finishing school graduates and also ensure the very penetration of the concept deep into their minds and hearts the importance of such training and its impact. It would require wide marketing to ensure better spread of the concept. The marketing aspect would make certain quite good spread of the concept in the education arena so that the finishing school graduates, working professionals and executives would recognize the exact need for enhancing their career prospects. The primary strategy would be to market the concept to the educational departments and colleges. Seminars would be conducted at the colleges to integrate the need among the students. The very strategy to ensure appropriate degree of education for the finishing school would be detailed further in the seminar. The seminar would focus on identifying the loopholes one usually possess, some games and demo or mock interviews. This would not only focus on their strengths and weaknesses but would make a mark to make them realize their negatives. Once the concept penetration is successful, the project sails smoothly. The primary idea for making the right strategy would guarantee a better preparation for the youths to be a deployable for the industry (Reynolds, 2000). The training would ensure giving a right shape to the finishing school graduates and would ensure a better preparation for meeting up the business needs. The domain requirements are placed first but it requires to be sharpened across the edge. The communication skills enable a better shape to the graduates. The various infrastructure, faculty and resources for the purpose can be filled with a simple investment either from bank or personal resources. The marketing strategy would also go far into web marketing and ensuring a great deal of awareness. Opportunity 2: Hobbies often become extinct when a person grows up with their primary career. The little things which they pursue in their childhood is barely capitalized and simply forgotten once the monetary aspects come in the picture. The hobbies like collecting coins, playing games, writing, writing poems and singing and so many other things can often be taken up for a successful career. The idea here is to establish a stage where these small discoveries and passion would meet limelight. The concept is of an organization which would prioritize the small things rural children do as a hobby and market them widely to provide encouragement to the youngsters. Such materials like painting, crockery, utensils made of elementary stuff, making candles and writing poems are some of the things that can be put in one page for one to contribute more to it. The business idea is to put up a website to display and sell them for gathering a sum of money to contribute for the unprivileged. The rural sector is quite engaged in such things both as a passion and as a business for earning their daily food (Cooper, 2002). The idea is to organize seminars for the rural people and educate and upgrade them to learn some skills which they can excel with

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Research Paper Example However, the highest number of students was found to spend averagely, having their clothes purchasing expenditure between $150-450, which is the category that exceeded half the number of female students sampled in the study, at a 55%. However, the statistics for the male students gives a totally different picture, with a substantial 14% of the male students spending between $0-50 per semester, a number that is also equal to the male students who spends above $450 per semester. The male students spending pattern is interesting, considering that those spending between $50-150 and those spending between $150 to 450 were also equal, at 36% in each category. The statistics of the students with a favorite brand for clothing was however peculiar, since the male students seemed to have a higher rate of preference for brand clothing, compared to female students. 45% of the female showed a brand preference, compared to 55% who did not, while the male students who had a brand preference stood a t 48%, while 42% did not show any interest for brand preference. Nevertheless, the overall number of students who indicated a preference for a certain brand was higher, standing at 52%, while 48% of the students did not show any brand preference. Do you have favorite brand for clothing? Female Male Total Yes 15 21 36 NO 18 15 33 Among the sample of 69 students, 33% seemed to have a brand preference from a company that utilized animal fur, wool or leather in manufacturing clothing, while 31% did not prefer brands from a company utilizing animal products for cloth manufacturing. Nevertheless, 33% did not seem to know the materials used by the company from which they have a brand preference. 22% had a brand preference from a company that utilized renewable materials, while 25% had a preference for a company that did not utilize renewable resources. However, the majority did not seem to know whether the company from which they have a brand preference utilized renewable or non-renewable materials, accounting for 55% of the students with a brand preference. Even with the knowledge that the company from which the students had brand preference

How Parents Treat Sons And Daughters Differently Essay

How Parents Treat Sons And Daughters Differently - Essay Example This child then becomes the adult of the society, and the subsequent domino effect for the creation of all prejudices, biases and polarity comes into existence. Taken objectively, because essentially the male and female child are intrinsically very different, it is virtually impossible even for the most passionate of parents to claim that they have sustained a just rule for all. The study finds its rationale in the fact that it is essential to understand where the root cause of discrimination is embedded within the human behavior, as it later on goes on to produce social, economic, religious and moral prejudices within the human community - a reality that is causing all the unrest in out world. There quite a few studies, which have worked on this project. "In the United States, a person's gender has affected the level of education she is likely to receive, the occupation she will take up, and the wages she will be paid" (Blau 1998, U.S. Department of Education 2000). Morgan, Lye, and Condran (1988) discover that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. In the same domain, Dahl and Moretti (no date) find that having a girl considerably affects marriage and divorce rate; being 3.4% less likely to be living with her father compared to a first-born son. Some studies have found that "fathers interact more with infant sons and are more engaged with adolescent sons than daughters" (Barnett and Baruch 1987). There is also accord among researchers that fathers spend less time in childcare than mothers do (Pleck and Masciadrelli 2004). METHODS In order to gain a basic insight into the issue, a study was designed which would give an idea about the issue. The results would help us understand whether the incidence of this problem is existence or is it just an academic model. Participants The volunteer participants of the study were 25 pairs of brothers and sisters. They were different in sibling order, and even in the total number of siblings. But from every family, one son and one daughter were selected. For 25 families, the total number of participants thus came out to be 50. The inclusion criterion was children aged from 4 to 12. They were not told about the exact of the study, so that their biases and preconceived notions would not come into play. Also, the same tool was given to all of them, seeking their opinion about how they thought their parents treated them, in general. Procedures The tool used was a specifically designed questionnaire that would measure up to the basic requirements within the household, school and neighborhood of children aged 4-12. as literacy and cognitive understand would be an obvious issue, therefore the questionnaire was administered to all of them through an interview, wherein the standardized items were asked from all the participants in isolation. It is very important to mention here that as children are well under-aged to make their own legal and rational decisions, therefore an undertaking was also signed by their parents which would admit them participating in this study. The exact scope of the study was told to the parents. Dependent Measures The questionnaire itself addressed issues of psychological, sociological, familial, economic and

National Football League African American Coaches

National Football League African American Coaches Jinks A. Arnold III The Myth for African American Coaches in NFL Lingers On Many questions over the years have circulated as to why African American coaches dont get the opportunity to coach in the National Football League (NFL). These questions have seemed to go unanswered and there have been some attempts to answer a few of the question however, still the same results occur between the 32 teams of the NFL as of this year (2017) there are only seven African American head coaches. It seems as though the playing field for hiring black coaches is lopsided, former players are not qualified for any of these positions, assistant coaches which are few if interviewed dont get hired and finally the history numbers show that African American coaches still ride the back of the bus when it comes to job opportunities in the NFL. History of National Football League African American Coaches For years the history books of the NFL noted Art Shell as the first African American head coach but is that true, the American Professional Football Association was birthed in 1920 which the Hammond Pros was part of this association who was coached by Frederick Douglass Fritz Pollard which was hired as the first African American coach of the league from 1921-1925, he coached four different teams but the NFL treated Fritz Pollard as if he never existed within the league (Braddock, Smith, Dawkins 2012, pg.714). After the hiring of Fritz Pollard it wasnt until 64 years later when the Los Angeles Raiders hired Art Shell to be their head coach. The NFL has been in existence for 97 years and from 1921 until 2017 there has only been 24 minority coaches to hold head coaching jobs and out of that number only 16 were African American (Braddock, Smith, Dawkins 2012, pg.714). The practice of hiring African American coaches has been the topic that has headlined every sport magazine, sport radio and television shows in the United States even with all the news press, Rooney Rule and National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) there is a constant battle to get African American coaches hired. Is Discrimination the Problem? The National Football League has been under scrutiny for years for the lack of African American coaches in the sport. Art Rooney owner of the Pittsburgh Steelers and diversity committee implemented the Rooney Rule in 2003 which is a policy that requires league teams to interview at least one minority candidate for available head coaching and senior football operation jobs. (Fanning, Madden Ruther, 2010, pg.1). Since this rule was implemented there has only been seventeen minority coaches hired as head coaches in the NFL and after the 2017 season there is only seven African American coaches (Solow, Solow Walker 2011, pg.6). The NFL has 32 teams and 67% of the athletes are African American (Solow, Solow Walker 2011, pg.2) yet after retirement they are not hired for head coaching, offensive or defensive coordinator openings, now before jumping to any conclusion the NFL is the umbrella for all 32 teams however, each team has their own hiring practices, the question that continues to s urface is why arent African American not hired for these head coaching vacancies. . Why Are  There Limited Opportunities? The National Football League has 32 teams and none of the owners are African American which has a direct effect on the opportunities that may be awarded to African American head coaches. The structure of an NFL coaching staff is made up four levels of coaches which is head coach, offensive and defensive coordinators, special teams which each of these positions have assistant also position coaches and quality control assistants (Braddock, Smith, Dawkins, 2012.pg.715). The NFL uses two resources to give a head coach an opportunity to fill vacancies. The NFL hires from within where they look to employ former head coaches or successful offensive and defensive coordinators but these positions are not awarded to black coaches. Reports show from 2001 through 2009, there were 44 head coach transitions 25 were à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ lled by NFL coordinators and others were filled by former coaches and other positions from the college ranks (Solow, Solow Walker 2011, pg.6). African American coaches are offered lower level opportunities like running back, wide receiver, defensive back and linebacker coach however, these positions are not covered by the Rooney Rule interview requirement (Fanning Madden Ruther, 2010,pg. 1) as well as these positions are interchangeable as long as the team is winning these position are secure but usually when the head, offensive and defensive are fired the coaching staff is fired and these not covered by the Rooney Rule interview requirement (Solow, Solow Walker 2011,pg.1). The other source is National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) where NFL teams seek out coaches but there are very limited opportunities for African American coaches in the NCAA, which leaves African American coaches, still left waiting in the wing for an opportunity. Conclusion The Rooney Rule was put in place to force teams to interview minority coaches with stiff penalties if they didnt adhere to this rule and even with this rule being in place the hiring of African American head coaches is still scarce in the NFL. The final analysis comes down to the fact that the positions that African American players hold in the NFL limits their opportunities to become head coaches and coordinators (Braddock, Smith, Dawkins, 2012, pg.716). It has be stated that African American coaches must prove they are winners and also valued by personal characteristics before they are offered to a lead coaching position. (Braddock, Smith, Dawkins, 2012, pg.723). Even with the Rooney Rule and NFLPA in place this will be an ongoing problem for African Americans. This is not because of race or being overlooked its a matter of not being qualified to take on a leadership role which requires having knowledge of understanding football strategies and schemes until this changes among Afr ican American players they will continue to stand in line and wait for an opportunity. References Braddock, J. H., Smith, E., Dawkins, M. P. (2012). Race and pathways to power in the national football league. American Behavioral Scientist, 56(5), 711-727. doi:10.1177/0002764211433802 Branham, D. (2008). Taking advantage of an untapped pool: Assessing the success of African American head coaches in the National Football League. Review Of Black Political Economy, 35(4), 129-146. doi:10.1007/s12114-008-9031-1 Evans, H. (2005, July 28). Fritz Pollard, NFLs 1st Black head coach, will be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. New York Amsterdam News. pp. 40-38. Fanning Madden, J., Ruther, M. (2011). Has the NFLs Rooney Rule efforts Leveled the Field for African American head coach candidates?. Journal Of Sports Economics, 12(2), 127. doi:10.1177/1527002510379641 Proxmire, C.D., (2008). Coaching Diversity: The Rooney Rule, Its Application and Ideas for Expansion Retrieved March 2, 2017 from, https://www.acslaw.org/sites/default/files/Proxmire_Issue_Brief.pdf Solow, B. L., Solow, J. L., Walker, T. B. (2011). Moving on up: The Rooney rule and minority hiring in the NFL. Labour Economics, 18(3), 332-337. doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2010.11.010

Religious Hypocrisy in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

   Huckleberry Finn – Religious Hypocrisy       Every so often a piece of literature is written that can question the beliefs of millions of people with what they hold to be true. Nothing is held to be truer than the feeling of righteousness, being faithful, morally pure, and the idea of an exalted higher purpose- religion. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn questions this truth. Indirectly, Mark Twain argues and criticizes the great deal of religious hypocrisy the American culture faces. Through the masterful use of satire and anecdote, the author conveys his repulsion to the dishonest church goers and religious practices, often cloaked behind a veil of humor. Mark Twain uses mountains of satirical imagery to help carry his theme. I took up, and held it in my hand. I was trembling, because I'd got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. As a runaway boy, Huck Finn has the painstaking choice of doing the right thing to write a letter to the owner of a runaway slave and tell where the slave was, or go to hell if he helps the slave Jim, his friend. Morally, Huck is taught to give Jim in, but he sacrifices himself to take up wickedness again and steal Jim out of slavery. Defying his religious teachings, ironically, Huck does the most Christ like thing.    Mark Twain creatively puts in incidents that the reader can infer to represent religion and the church followers who refuse to learn the teachings. Another time, when Huck talks to a skiff with two men in it with guns looking for runaway slaves, he lies to stop them from searching his raft and finding Jim. He tells them that his pap got smallpox, and he needed their help to move the raft. The guys who were so concerned to rave through the raft are making excuses not to. Now we're trying to do you a kindness; so you just put twenty miles between us. The men don't want the smallpox so they feel sorry for Huck and they give him a twenty-dollar gold piece each. The men symbolize the church followers who solve any problem they have by giving money to the church and believing that they solved the problem but in reality only ran away from it. Religious Hypocrisy in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays    Huckleberry Finn – Religious Hypocrisy       Every so often a piece of literature is written that can question the beliefs of millions of people with what they hold to be true. Nothing is held to be truer than the feeling of righteousness, being faithful, morally pure, and the idea of an exalted higher purpose- religion. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn questions this truth. Indirectly, Mark Twain argues and criticizes the great deal of religious hypocrisy the American culture faces. Through the masterful use of satire and anecdote, the author conveys his repulsion to the dishonest church goers and religious practices, often cloaked behind a veil of humor. Mark Twain uses mountains of satirical imagery to help carry his theme. I took up, and held it in my hand. I was trembling, because I'd got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. As a runaway boy, Huck Finn has the painstaking choice of doing the right thing to write a letter to the owner of a runaway slave and tell where the slave was, or go to hell if he helps the slave Jim, his friend. Morally, Huck is taught to give Jim in, but he sacrifices himself to take up wickedness again and steal Jim out of slavery. Defying his religious teachings, ironically, Huck does the most Christ like thing.    Mark Twain creatively puts in incidents that the reader can infer to represent religion and the church followers who refuse to learn the teachings. Another time, when Huck talks to a skiff with two men in it with guns looking for runaway slaves, he lies to stop them from searching his raft and finding Jim. He tells them that his pap got smallpox, and he needed their help to move the raft. The guys who were so concerned to rave through the raft are making excuses not to. Now we're trying to do you a kindness; so you just put twenty miles between us. The men don't want the smallpox so they feel sorry for Huck and they give him a twenty-dollar gold piece each. The men symbolize the church followers who solve any problem they have by giving money to the church and believing that they solved the problem but in reality only ran away from it.

From the Nature of the Education System Depicted by the Organizational Structure, Critically Discuss Problems That Can Result from Such a Structure and Suggest Solutions.

From the nature of the education system depicted by the organizational structure, critically discuss problems that can result from such a structure and suggest solutions. Introduction: Zimbabwe as a nation believes in education for all. Systems are in place to ensure everyone has access to education. This paper will examine the structure of the Zimbabwean education system, highlighting problems which may arise because of its nature, and attempt to give solutions. Two terms, education system and organizational structure, are defined. Definition of terms Education system: According to Wikipedia, ‘’Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character, or physical ability of an individual and in its technical sense education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, values, and skills from one generation to another through institutions’’. Wikipedia also defines a system as integrated an ‘integrated whole' which has a structure, behaviour, interconnectivity of various parts which ‘’ have functional as well as structural relationships between each other’’. The term system may also refer to a set of rules that governs behavior or structure. Education system therefore refers to the structure and behaviour as well as functionality of the entity through which children acquire knowledge, values and skills through a formalized set-up. Organizational structure: Structure is, according to wikipedia, a fundamental and sometimes intangible notion covering the recognition, observation, nature, and stability of patterns and relationships of entities. A structure defines what a system is made of. It is a configuration of items. It is a collection of inter-related components or services. The structure may be a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships) or a network featuring many-to-many relationships. Organisational structure therefore refers to the nature, patterns and relationships within an entity or social arrangement. Nature of the Zimbabwean education system: Structure: The Zimbabwean education system is a bureaucratic system, which has a hierarchical governing structure which goes from the top to the bottom. The hierarchy begins at the head office where the Permanent Secretary and his team of directors are housed. The Permanent Secretary, is the senior civil servant, and reports to the Minister, who is a politician and is in charge of policy making. The directors are in charge of the various elements within the system, such as quality control, administration, curriculum and human resources. Below the national, is the provincial level, whose hierarchy is headed by the Provincial Education Director (PED). He has two deputies, one in charge of Quality Assurance and the other of Professional Administration. There are several provincial level education officers below them. The provincial office also houses other professionals in finance and other departments who report to the PED. At the district level, the District Education Officer (DEO) heads a team of Education Officers (EO)s who supervise education activities within the district. At school level, the head is in charge of the school, and is deputized by the deputy head. Teachers fall below him but they too have seniority levels. This body at school level is responsible for the direct teaching of the child. Other ancillary staff falls below the professionals at school level but report to the head or whoever is assigned, by the head, in the finance office. Having completed primary education, which includes early childhood elementary education, children graduate automatically into secondary school, where they are required to complete four years of schooling leading to an Ordinary Level pass. If successful at this level, they can proceed to high school where they attain Advanced Level passes and proceed to university, or choose to go to other colleges and tertiary institutions. Problems of the Organisational structure, and possible solutions: One major problem which may occur because of the bureaucratic nature of the education system is delay in the decision making process. The hierarchical structure poses the major problem associated with bureaucracy. This means that if a problem occurs at the school level or even at district level, answers have to be sought from the top, which may take time. A practical example is when partners want to carry out programmes in districts and have to wait long as education personnel seek authorization from headquarters. This can be solved however by allowing officials at lower levels to make appropriate decisions or designing mechanisms through which decisions can be expedited. The Minister, being the person in charge of policy, may choose to act without much consultation with others below him or with stakeholders. Sometimes hasty decisions are made, and these impact negatively on the ministry. When school fees were announced during the first term 2009, not much consultation was done, resulting in exorbitant fees being charged per term. The majority of parents could not afford to pay the fees for first term, which was pegged at US$150 for urban primary schools. A teacher, or any other civil servant, whose child went to these urban schools could therefore not pay. Ministers must be accountable to their constituencies, and encouraged through workshops and trainings to involve their stakeholders in policy formulation exercises. The popularity of the minister is enhanced through consultation. The problem of non-consultative policies has also occurred with policies such as that of uniforms at schools. A former minister announced a few years ago that there would be a universal uniform for all schools. This caused an uproar, and was never implemented, mostly because the modalities had not been thought out or consulted on. The country has a policy that all school children must wear a uniform, though it is the duty of the head to enforce this. There is also a policy which bars schools from exclusion a child on the grounds of non-wearing of uniforms. Such contradictions arise from non-consultation. Encouraging policymakers to have an ear for the public could solve this. Where public opinion is not sought, they can involve key stakeholders, who may be better informed. Headmasters and teachers who are on the ground, are a source of vital information on practicalities of policies. The curriculum is centralised and determined by subject panels of teachers, education officers, and representatives from the teachers' association, universities, churches, and other stakeholder groups. The Curriculum Development Unit within the Ministry of Education and Culture coordinates the subject panels. The primary school curriculum includes mathematics, English, agricultural and environmental science, physical education, social studies, moral and religious education, music, craft and art, and the indigenous languages (Ndebele and Shona). Indigenous tribal languages of the Kalanga, Tonga, Shangaan, Venda, and Nambya are taught during the first three years of elementary education within their communities. A school is not at liberty to determine its own curriculum. There has been a shift in public schools from the Cambridge based curriculum, to a local curriculum whose examinations are administered by ZIMSEC. Subject syllabi are then deduced from this national curriculum. The major flaw in this is that everyone is restricted to the same education standards, regardless of the nature of education which is academia oriented. Only recently, there has been a thrust for technical and vocational education in schools, with importance also being given to introduction of these subjects in primary school. Expanding technical vocational education can improve the quality of graduates produced from the education system. This will ensure employable and relevant people for the Zimbabwean economy which is largely agrarian. In view of recent challenges in the economy, a purely academic curriculum will not help the country. Increased and improved internet use in the education system will also ensure students produced have a wider world view in light of globalisation. The organisational structure within the education system can stifle the grievance process. A teacher is required to report grievances he or she faces through the headmaster (in the event that the headmaster cannot help him or her). The problem lies where the headmaster is the source of the teacher’s problem. It may be a case of misconduct and the same headmaster is required to forward the reports of the teacher to the DEO. This will see the process taking long. A system can be put in place, which ensures that when grievances are targeted at the headmaster, a teacher can follow-up directly with superiors. Counseling or confidence teams can also be set up at school level to cater for reporting of issues and their follow-up. The teacher may also be encouraged to seek the advice of the DEO directly. A ministry hotline can also be established to cater for this. Where partners are interested in contributing to the education sector, there have often been problems associated with the bureaucratic system. Interest is expressed but decisions or authorization takes long in coming. Non governmental organisations (NGOs) usually come with interventions in mind, and donations, whose programmes must be implemented within a specific period. Often, programmes are stalled and the NGO gets to the end of the reporting period without implementing, resulting in failure to liquidate and the funding being returned. A practical example is when one NGO implementing capacity building programmes faced challenges trying to take a senior officer at provincial level within the ministry on an exchange programme to another country . While this system fosters accountability and is ideal for easier monitoring, it can frustrate the efforts of those willing to contribute to the sector where procedures are not explained clearly, or where their efforts are stifled. A change in attitude is needed, where NGOs seize to be seen as enemies of government, as exacerbated by certain political environments. Meetings which clearly explain the operations of NGOs and targets they seek to fulfill also need to be held so as to clarify areas of concern with the ministry. Stakeholder dialogues are important as seen in Manicaland, which now holds them regularly . The education sector is an public organization which is non-profit making. Revenue comes from national treasury. As such, the system is such that remuneration of staff is within public sector standards which stipulate modest payment. Overpayment would result in an uproar by taxpayers. Problems which teachers and other civil servants are currently facing are largely because the sector is not generating profits and therefore cannot afford to pay teachers what they want. Privatization of the sector could contribute to better payment, but this is a phenomenon yet to be explored as even developed countries also have public schooling systems which are in place. The government will have to lobby with external partners to fund education programmes or contribute in the education budget. The structure of the education system in primary school has been said to be ineffective with regards expertise sharing. The structure is such that one primary school teacher is assigned to teach all subjects in a class. In high school, there are various experts specializing in particular subjects. Researchers advocating for the Sharing Teacher Expertise through Subject Specialisation (STESS) programme at primary school are lobbying for the change in system from one teacher all subjects to specialisation as practised in secondary school. In 2002, an education commission sanctioned the piloting of STESS in a few schools in each province, and the system was adopted by others who have also reported the success as seen by better results. Advocates also note that it will then be easier for children to adapt to the situation when they get to secondary school. The system requires teacher support in the form of capacity development so they keep abreast of methodologies in subject delivery. Rennie L. J (1985), explains the effects of in-service training on Science teaching and motivation in the classroom. This will go a long way is rejuvenating teaching methodology and enhance delivery effectiveness. The U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID), in cooperation with the Salvadoran Ministry of Education, has developed a training program aimed at introducing these innovative teaching methods into hundreds of schools around the country http://usinfo. tate. gov. The same can happen in Zimbabwe, if these private players are invited to do so. Conclusion: The Zimbabwean education system is hierarchical and that poses a lot of challenges with regards setting up of policies, grievance procedures, curriculum decisions, and issues of collaboration with partners such as non-governmental organisations. These challenges can be solved if decision making is decentralized, and the policy formulation process is done consultatively with stakeholders. The government can also lobby with partners so they participate by funding education programmes in the country. References: 1. Peace Corps 24 July 2007, ‘’New Teaching Methods Stir Enthusiasm in Salvadoran Classrooms’’ USAID train teachers in interactive teaching styles, 2. Web site: http://usinfo. state. gov), Bureau of International Information Programs, U. S. Department of State. 3. Rennie L. J (1985), ED280867 – The Effect of In-service Training on Teacher Attitudes and Primary School Science Classroom Climates. Research Report Number 12. 4. http://www. wikipedia

Free Essays on Shipped Away

Shipped Away When I was 11 years old, I started to stray away from my family’s values. This prompted a whole new set of problems at school. "He is unsupportable,† read part of one of the nicer letters that came home from school. My mother had bitterly warned me, that if I didn't "shape up" she was going to call my father. They had been separated since I was about three years old and since then he had always lived in a different part of the world. She was going to tell him to put me "away" in some kind of boarding school, Preferably a military one. Needless to say, the more she threatened, the more I rebelled. I kept living as if there was nothing wrong with what I was doing. Well, one day it finally happened, I "broke the camels back". After many warnings she "busted me". I was ditching. By the time she caught me I was skipping school regularly, about two to three times a week. The problem with this time, problem for me anyways, was that I was on my way to East L.A. You see my mother as a single parent worked very hard to keep us in Pasadena, a good neighborhood, but Valladares 2 no, I had to find my way back into the Barrio that she worked so hard to keep us out of. So, there I was waiting for the RTD bus all dressed up. I was wearing a pair of very baggy "Khakis", a very loose and very long flannel shirt, buttoned all the way up to my neck and a black hair net. I thought I was a hard ass looking Essay actually I was just a wannabee, what gang members call a pledge. Either way I was "Hard", until my mom pulled up around the corner in her dark blue Ford LTD. Maan I ran like it was the JURA and I had just ripped off some hubcaps! It was too late, even with my uniform on she recognized me, and she ran me down like I was an escapee from Juvy. Man, I was done. She stuck to her "guns" all right! She called my ... Free Essays on Shipped Away Free Essays on Shipped Away Shipped Away When I was 11 years old, I started to stray away from my family’s values. This prompted a whole new set of problems at school. "He is unsupportable,† read part of one of the nicer letters that came home from school. My mother had bitterly warned me, that if I didn't "shape up" she was going to call my father. They had been separated since I was about three years old and since then he had always lived in a different part of the world. She was going to tell him to put me "away" in some kind of boarding school, Preferably a military one. Needless to say, the more she threatened, the more I rebelled. I kept living as if there was nothing wrong with what I was doing. Well, one day it finally happened, I "broke the camels back". After many warnings she "busted me". I was ditching. By the time she caught me I was skipping school regularly, about two to three times a week. The problem with this time, problem for me anyways, was that I was on my way to East L.A. You see my mother as a single parent worked very hard to keep us in Pasadena, a good neighborhood, but Valladares 2 no, I had to find my way back into the Barrio that she worked so hard to keep us out of. So, there I was waiting for the RTD bus all dressed up. I was wearing a pair of very baggy "Khakis", a very loose and very long flannel shirt, buttoned all the way up to my neck and a black hair net. I thought I was a hard ass looking Essay actually I was just a wannabee, what gang members call a pledge. Either way I was "Hard", until my mom pulled up around the corner in her dark blue Ford LTD. Maan I ran like it was the JURA and I had just ripped off some hubcaps! It was too late, even with my uniform on she recognized me, and she ran me down like I was an escapee from Juvy. Man, I was done. She stuck to her "guns" all right! She called my ...

The concepts of race

The concepts of race, racism and cultural relativism are distinct issues that have influenced race relations today and in the past. This paper will describe each issue and its affect on slavery and the subjugation of Indians in America. Race and racism are often confused concepts. They do interrelate, but they are separate issues. Race can be strictly defined as the difference in human beings distinguished by physical features such as the color of skin, hair and eyes and the shape of features and body. The division of race by this definition can be very limited to the three primary divisions Caucasoid, Negroid, and Mongoloid. These divisions are broadened when the definition of race is expanded to include the difference in human beings based on geographic area and similar habits, beliefs, and traits. American Indians as a group do not fit into any of three primary divisions. In theory, Native Americans taken together belong to what most anthropologists would call a basic race. Yet, on the whole, they tend to be a loose residue of tribes rather than a racial entity. (Hacker p. 5) What is important to realize about the concept of race is that it is a human creation. (Hacker p. 4) It is a concept that dates back to whatever time in history people first started noticing a difference in one another and associating that difference with physical characteristics and perhaps even languages and lifestyles. Racism grew out of this recognition of differences between human beings. Certain beliefs started to be formed about the differences and those beliefs were then assigned to the entire race as it was defined. For example, when discoverers first came to America, they found the land inhabited by Indian tribes. Compared to western civilization, the Indians lifestyles, tools, customs, etc. seemed primitive. Similarly, African tribes were of a primitive nature in westerners opinion. The w...

Death and Dying Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Death and Dying - Research Paper Example Death and Dying Morality is a central principal requirement that defines humanity as provided by several religions. Both Christianity and Islamic religions subscribe to the necessity for the living to embrace morality during their lifetime. The two religions attach the living human’s moral conduct as determinants to their destiny after death. Death in the two religions is a fulfillment of thee religious writings and doctrines that guide human conduct. The ultimate position that the dead acquire after death, according to the two religions, are determined during their lifetime. Death is attainable before one actually dies in the physical sense. To learn the concept of death while one has physical life constitutes a core consideration as a skill of life. An individual needs to ensure reforms as a living entity and to accommodate the understanding and perception of death. Different religions have diverse conceptions of the art of death before physical demise. In as much as death comes after life and end of existence of the soul according to Islam and Christianity religions, life itself presents a platform for preparation for death. In both religions, the process of dying presents an opportunity for the individual to develop and heal.Every religion holds dissimilar perception about death. Most religious beliefs on the notions of death and dying believed that death was a transition from one from of life to another form. Knowledge of dea th and fate after death serves to regulate the conduct of believers in both the Islamic and Christianity religions, for instance. ... Foucault proposes the need to revert to ethics promoted by the Greek cultures in pursuit of ensuring the restoration of morality in the society. The promotion of ethics in Greek related to the advocate of the will to have a beautiful form of life. The need to ensure a beautiful form of life presents the best way to renew the lost ethical considerations in the society. Ethics that have its basis on the quest to lead a good life can help the society to regain the lost morality. Society members do not trust the belief that religion is the foundation of ethics. According to Foucault, there is a notable abandonment of the ethics of self in the society. Humanity does not base their ethical performance on the scientific knowledge that informs about what constitutes the self. There is a great need of society members to integrate rigorous honesty in the self. The operation of societal values has high dependence on ethical conducts that promote morality. The urge to account for the truth in an y situation is an example of morality that society should adopt. All these, according to Foucault, depend on the ability of an individual to know himself of herself; hence ensuring technology of the self. Foucault’s conception of technology of the self was highly relevant to the role of both Christianity and Islamic religions in regulating morality through the notions of fate after death of an individual. Hospice professionals used several means of control that helped in managing the process of dying. People who are at their critical point of health need care. Those in charge of the terminally ill should take proper care and be in fully in charge. Hospice care initiatives have its basis on two most significant objectives. The first objective of

Paper about Finance Debt, Derivative, and speculation on financial Essay

Paper about Finance Debt, Derivative, and speculation on financial instruments - Essay Example Debt financing is a tool employed by firms to raise capital and expenditure funds through sale of bonds, notes or bills to investors who may be institutions or individuals. The buyers are promised repayment of the principal plus interest on their investment and as such are creditors to the selling firms. The term ‘debt financing’ may carry some negative look but this tool of financing is really helpful in raising starting business to run operations. Even firms with very healthy balance sheets resort to raising working capital through debts. It is also known as leverage in financial terms. When used well debt financing may help firms take advantage of lower interest rates from financial institutions and as such obtain cheap capital. The firm has therefore obtained capital readily, is repaying at lower interest rates and the repayment is spread over a period of time. If carefully employed debt financing is a sure way to obtain capital and maintain ownership. After the obtaining funds from the lender the only obligation is to repay back with interest. The borrower has the advantage as they invest the funds in their business without any interference. Firms also enjoy the benefits of tax deductions on the borrowed funds as well as the interest hence if carefully invested debt financing is a cheap source of capital. However debt financing may come with negative effects if misused; the borrower is obligate to repay regardless of the macro-economic environment hence it can result in to bankruptcy and legal suits. The borrowed funds also have to be repaid with interest and it affects a company’s credit score. Another financial tool in the world of business involves financial derivatives. This instrument of finance is associated with an indicator of finance or a commodity and through these certain financial risks